SKIN - Diabetic Foot Mild-Moderate (Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic streptococci, gram negatives, anaerobes) Non-limb-threatening infections may be treated with oral antibiotics in an outpatient setting. More severe infections, or those in an ischemic limb, require surgical consultation and often intravenous therapy.

 

Cephalexin

(Keflex®)

Generics available

Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk

 

Tabs: 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g

Caps: 250 mg, 500 mg

 

 

Adult: 500 mg PO four times daily for 14 days.

 

Food: May take with food if GI upset occurs.

 

Important side effects: GI upset, diarrhea.

Reduce dose in renal disease

(CrCl <40 mL/min).

 

Clindamycin

(Cleocin®)

Generics available

Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk

 

Caps: 75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg

-    

 

Adult: 300 mg PO four times daily for 14 days.

 

Food: May take with or without meals. Take with full glass of water to prevent esophagitis.

 

Important side effects: Diarrhea (may be severe), nausea.

 

*May cause severe colitis. Encourage patient to report severe, persistent, or bloody diarrhea.

 

 

Amoxicillin/clavulanate

(Augmentin®)

Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk

 

Adult: 500-875 mg twice daily for 14 days.

 

Note: Q12H dosing may improve compliance compared to Q8H dosing.

 

Food: Take with food to reduce diarrhea.

 

Important side effects: Diarrhea (common), nausea, rash.

Q12H Formulations:

Tabs: 500 mg/125 mg, 875 mg/125 mg

 

  

 

Use cautiously in hepatic disease.

 

Reduce dose in renal disease

(CrCl <30 mL/min).

 

 

Levofloxacin

Alternative for failure of above drug.

(Levaquin®)

Pregnancy: C; Lactation: Unsafe

 

Tabs: 250 mg, 500 mg     

 

Adult: 500 mg PO once daily for 14 days.

 

Food: May take with or without meals. Do not take within 2 hours of antacids, magnesium, calcium supplements, zinc, aluminum, sucralfate, vitamins, or minerals (iron or zinc).

 

Important side effects: Photosensitivity, dizziness.

 

Reduce dose in renal disease

(CrCl <50 mL/min).

 

 

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole

(Bactrim®, Septra®)

Generics available

Pregnancy: C; Lactation: Unsafe

 

Single Strength (SS) Tabs 80/400

 

Double Strength (DS) Tabs 160/800   

 

 

Adult: 1 DS Tab Q12H for 10-14 days.

 

Food: May take without regard to food. Encourage fluids.

 

Important side effects: Photosensitivity, rash.

 

Reduce dose in renal disease

 

(CrCl <30 mL/min).