MOUTH - Dental Procedure Prophylaxis for Endocarditis (Viridans streptococci )
Amoxicillin (Amoxil^®) Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk Caps: 250 mg, 500 mg Tabs: 500 mg, 875 mg Chewable Tabs: 125 mg, 250 mg Susp: 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL	Children: 50 mg/kg 1 hour before procedure. Adult: 1 g PO 1 hour before procedure.	Food: May take with or without meals.  Important side effects: Diarrhea and nausea. May cause nonallergic maculopapular rash.
MOUTH - Dental Procedure Prophylaxis for Endocarditis - Penicillin Allergic Patients (Viridans streptococci)
Azithromycin* (Zithromax^®) Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk Tabs: 250 mg and Z-Pak (500 mg 1 day, then 250 mg daily ´ 4) Oral Susp: 100 mg/5 mL, 200 mg/5 mL	Children: 15 mg/kg PO 1 hour before procedure. Adult: 500 mg PO 1 hour before procedure.	Food: Oral suspension should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after food. Tablets may be taken without regard to food. Important side effects: Nausea, diarrhea.
Cefadroxil (Duricef) Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk Caps: 500 mg, 1 g Susp: 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL, 500 mg/5 mL	Children: 50 mg/kg PO 1 hour before procedure. Adult: 2 g PO 1 hour before procedure.	Food: May be taken without regard to food. May take with food to reduce GI upset. Important side effects: Nausea, vomiting, rash, diarrhea. Caution: Do not use in true hypersensitivity penicillin reactions.
Cephalexin (Keflex^®) Generics available Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk Tabs: 250 mg, 500 mg, 1 g Caps: 250 mg, 500 mg Susp: 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL	Children: 50 mg/kg PO 1 hour before procedure. Adult: 2 g PO 1 hour before procedure.	Food: Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. May take with food if GI upset occurs. Important side effects: GI upset, diarrhea. Caution: Do not use in true hypersensitivity penicillin reactions.
Clarithromycin* (Biaxin^®) Pregnancy: C; Lactation: Unk Tabs: 250 mg, 500 mg Oral Susp: 125 mg/5 mL, 250 mg/5 mL	Children: 15 mg/kg PO 1 hour before procedure. Adult: 500 mg PO 1 hour before procedure.	Food: Without regard to food. Important side effects: Nausea.
Clindamycin* (Cleocin^®) Generics available Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk Cleocin Caps: 75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg Peds Oral Susp: 75 mg/5 mL	Children: 20 mg/kg (max 600 mg) PO 1 hour before procedure. Adult: 600 mg PO 1 hour before procedure.	Food: May take with or without meals.Take with full glass of water to prevent esophagitis. Important side effects: Diarrhea (may be severe), nausea.
MOUTH - Dental Procedure Prophylaxis for Endocarditis - Patients Unable to Take Oral Medications (Viridans streptococci)
Ampicillin (Principen^®, Omnipen^®) Generics available Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk	Children: 50 mg/kg (max 2 g) IV or IM 30 minutes before procedure. Adult: 2 g IV or IM 30 minutes before procedure.	Important side effects: Diarrhea, nausea, seizures, rash.
MOUTH - Dental Procedure Prophylaxis for Endocarditis - Penicillin Allergic and Unable to Take Oral Medications (Viridans streptococci)
Cefazolin (Ancef^®, Kefzol^®) Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk	Children: 25 mg/kg (max 1 g) IV or IM 30 minutes before procedure. Adult: 1 g IV or IM 30 minutes before procedure.	Important side effects: IM—Pain at injection site, induration. IV—Phlebitis, thrombophlebitis. Caution: Do not use if history of true penicillin hypersensitivity reactions.
Clindamycin (Cleocin^®) Generics available Pregnancy: B; Lactation: Unk	Children: 20 mg/kg (max 600 mg) IV 30 minutes before procedure. Adult: 600 mg IV 30 minutes before procedure.	Caution: Do not administer >30 mg/min.

Section contributor: Jill Shelton Wagers, DMD, Boise, ID